What Are Human Resources?
Key Takeaways
HR is there to support you throughout your career journey
HR handles your benefits, pay, legal rights, and workplace policies
Understanding HR helps you get more from your job and workplace
You can reach out to HR when you need help, guidance, or clarity
If you've ever signed a job offer, asked about your healthcare plan, or wondered who to talk to about workplace issues, you've likely dealt with human resources (HR). But what exactly is HR, and how does it affect your daily work life?
In this guide, we break down human resources in simple, practical terms so that any employee—regardless of experience or role—can understand how HR helps them.
Understanding Human Resources in Plain Terms
Human Resources (HR) is the department in a company that supports employees from the moment they apply for a job to the day they leave the company—and everything in between.
In other words: HR manages the "people side" of a business.
"HR exists to make your work experience smoother, safer, and more productive. If you think of the company as a machine, HR is the maintenance team for people." — Shari Goldberg, HR Director at BrightPath Systems
What Does HR Do?
Here are the main things the HR department does that affect you as an employee:
1. Hiring and Onboarding
Posting jobs and reviewing applications
Coordinating interviews
Sending offer letters
Setting up training and orientation for new employees
2. Benefits and Payroll
Managing health insurance, dental, and retirement plans
Handling payroll and taxes
Answering your questions about pay or time off
Tip: Unsure about your 401(k)? HR is your first stop.
3. Workplace Policies and Safety
Writing and updating the employee handbook
Ensuring fair treatment and workplace safety
Monitoring compliance with labor laws
4. Performance and Development
Coordinating performance reviews
Offering training or development programs
Managing promotions and raises
5. Support and Conflict Resolution
Handling complaints or concerns about coworkers or managers
Addressing workplace harassment or discrimination
Acting as a neutral party in conflicts
Example: If you're having issues with a team lead, HR can guide you on how to handle the situation or step in if needed.
6. Offboarding and Exit Interviews
Managing resignations, retirements, or layoffs
Conducting exit interviews
Helping with transitions and final pay
Why HR Exists
While it may seem like HR is "on the company’s side," the truth is more nuanced. HR is there to protect both the company and its employees. Their job is to:
Make sure the company follows the law
Support a positive and fair workplace
Help employees succeed and grow
Stat: According to a 2022 SHRM survey, 67% of employees say they rely on HR to resolve workplace concerns and understand company policies.
HR and You: When to Reach Out
You should contact HR when:
You have questions about your benefits or paycheck
You're unsure about a company policy
You're experiencing harassment, bullying, or discrimination
You're looking for growth opportunities or training
You're considering leaving the company and want to know your rights
"Don’t wait until a problem becomes unbearable. HR is there to help you early and often." — Monica Ray, HR Business Partner at Align Staffing
Common Misconceptions About HR
"HR is just for managers."
Not true. HR is available to all employees, no matter your title or department.
"HR is only about rules and paperwork."
Wrong again. HR helps shape company culture, supports team building, and provides valuable employee services.
"HR doesn’t care about employees."
While HR balances company and employee needs, most HR professionals are trained to advocate for fairness and inclusion.
Real-Life Example: When HR Makes a Difference
Situation: A warehouse employee at a logistics firm was unsure if she could take time off to care for a sick parent.
Action: She contacted HR, who informed her about the Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA). HR helped her file the correct paperwork and take job-protected leave.
Outcome: The employee returned to work after four weeks without losing her job or benefits.
Lesson: HR is your resource for understanding your rights and options.
How HR Helps Protect You Legally
HR ensures your workplace follows laws like:
FLSA (Fair Labor Standards Act)
ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
EEOC (Equal Employment Opportunity Commission)
These laws protect your:
Pay rights
Right to work free from discrimination
Right to reasonable accommodations
Final Thoughts: HR Is for You
The human resources department isn’t just a corporate necessity—it’s your ally in the workplace. From helping you get paid and ensuring you're treated fairly, to offering training and handling difficult situations, HR is a vital support system.